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    Terpenes


    Comparable to essential oils, terpenes are the main compounds responsible for the aromas and flavours of cannabis: fruit, skunk, cheese, citrus and so on. There are more than 100 cannabis terpenes. Cannabis plants naturally produce terpenes. They are mostly found in trichomes and therefore in cannabis flowers. The odours produced by the cannabis plant are defence mechanisms against insect pests and animals and also ways of attracting pollinating insects.

    The terpene profile of cannabis is complex and a given plant may produce several varieties of terpenes. Still, a typical profile can be established. Here are the most common cannabis terpenes:

    Caryophyllene

    Also found in pepper and basil, its spicy aroma brings cinnamon and clove to mind.

    Limonene

    Has citrus notes dominated by lemon and orange.


    Myrcene

    Also found in citronella, thyme and hops, myrcene is responsible for the peppery, spicy aroma of beer.

    Linalol

    Has a floral, sweet and spicy aroma evocative of mint and lavender.

    Pinene

    Has a fresh, piney smell and a faintly woody aroma.

    Humulene

    Its woody, “’green” aroma is similar to that of hops and coriander.

    Terpinolene

    Has a wide range of aromas, including floral, vegetal, woody and lemony.

    Ocimene

    Its sweet, herbal aromas are accompanied by citrus and wood notes.



    Entourage effect

    Terpenes may have therapeutic functions and may also modulate the psychoactive effects of cannabinoids. The latter mechanism is called the entourage effect. Note, however, that the mechanism is hypothetical and scientifically unproven. In any case, as a given product may affect different people in different ways, any entourage effect would be very hard to measure.


    Three types 
    of cannabis

    Indica, Sativa and hybrids: what’s the difference? learn more about cannabis species and hybrids and their many strains.

    learn more


    The effects 
    of cannabis

    Relaxing, stimulating and mood-altering: cannabis can have effects that are pleasant or undesirable. Learn what causes the effects and determines how intense they are and how long they last.

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    Assistance 
    resources

    Are you or a friend or family member dealing with a problem related to cannabis use? Several assistance resources are available to you. Take advantage of them!

    learn more